I was looking around for how to do this, ended up throwing together a few sources and putting this together:
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>Get-Mailbox "username" | New-MailboxSearch -Name search123 -SearchQuery "Received:<01/01/2014" -estimateonly
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>Get-MailboxSearch search123 | Start-MailboxSearch
[PS] C:\Windows\system32>Get-MailboxSearch search123 | ft name,status,percentcomplete,resultnumberestimate,resultsizeest imate -auto
Name Status PercentComplete ResultNumberEstimate ResultSizeEstimate
---- ------ --------------- -------------------- ------------------
search123 EstimateSucceeded 100 97515 26.91 GB (28,894,471,176 bytes)
This could then be used with a Retention Policy to see how much mail we had left to archive.